This is general information, not legal advice. Tenancy rules and contract terms vary. Read your lease carefully and seek advice if anything is unclear.
Types of rental contract
Most rentals use a standard tenancy agreement (umowa najmu). Landlords often prefer an occasional tenancy (najem okazjonalny), which adds a notarised statement allowing easier eviction in return for stronger landlord protection. Both should be in writing.
What the contract should contain
- Names of the parties and the property address.
- Rent, what it includes, and the payment date.
- Deposit amount and the rules for its return.
- Duration, notice periods and an inventory of the condition.
Security deposits
A deposit (kaucja) of one to three months' rent is common. The landlord may deduct for genuine damage or unpaid rent but must return the rest after the tenancy ends. Take dated photos at move-in and move-out and keep a signed inventory.
Tenant rights
Polish law gives tenants meaningful protections. Rent increases must follow proper notice, the landlord cannot simply lock you out, and you are entitled to a habitable home. Even with occasional tenancy, eviction must follow a legal process.
- Right to written notice before rent changes.
- Protection from arbitrary eviction.
- Right to a property fit to live in.
Before you sign
Confirm the landlord actually owns the property, check the bills you will be responsible for, and agree clearly how utilities are settled. A clear, written agreement prevents most disputes.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is occasional tenancy?
It is a lease with a notarised statement that allows the landlord faster eviction, in exchange for stronger tenant safeguards in the contract.
How big is a typical deposit?
Usually one to three months' rent, refundable minus any genuine damage or unpaid amounts.
Can the landlord raise the rent freely?
No, rent increases must follow the notice rules set in law and the contract.
Must the contract be written?
It should be; a written lease protects both sides and is essential for occasional tenancy.
Who pays the utilities?
It depends on the contract; agree clearly whether rent is inclusive or bills are separate.
Can I be evicted without notice?
No. Even under occasional tenancy, eviction must follow the legal process.
How do I protect my deposit?
Take dated photos and sign an inventory at move-in and move-out.
Should I check ownership?
Yes, confirm the person signing actually owns or is authorised to let the property.
What notice must I give to leave?
It is set in the contract; fixed-term leases may limit early termination.
Is the property registered anywhere?
Some landlords register tenants for residence purposes; ask about meldunek if you need it.